What type of hand hygiene is performed before and after handling patients?

Performing hand hygiene before and after handling patients is crucial for infection control in dental and healthcare settings. An alcohol-based hand rub is effective due to its rapid-action antibacterial properties, which can significantly reduce the number of germs on the hands. It allows for quick disinfection without the need for water, making it practical in clinical situations where time is limited.

For optimal effect, the alcohol-based hand rub should contain at least 60% alcohol, ensuring the elimination of many harmful microorganisms. This method is particularly beneficial when hands are not visibly dirty, as it efficiently kills pathogens while also being less harsh on the skin compared to frequent washing with soap and water.

While routine hand washing and antibacterial soap can be effective in removing dirt and some germs, they are generally recommended when hands are visibly soiled or after certain procedures. The option that refers to glove exchange does not address the need for hand hygiene between patient contacts, as gloves themselves do not eliminate the need for hand washing. Thus, the use of an alcohol-based hand rub stands out as the preferred method for ensuring hand hygiene before and after patient interactions.